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Brenda Comer v. Central Programs, Inc.

Decision date: August 11, 2021Injury #16-08521230 pages

Summary

The Commission affirmed the Administrative Law Judge's award of permanent total disability compensation, finding the employee's November 1, 2016 back injury combined with qualifying preexisting disabilities met statutory requirements for Second Injury Fund liability. The employee's preexisting lower left extremity and thoracic disabilities, each exceeding fifty weeks of permanent partial disability, directly aggravated and accelerated the primary work-related back injury resulting in permanent total disability.

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Caption

FINAL AWARD ALLOWING COMPENSATION (Affirming Award and Decision of Administrative Law Judge with Supplemental Opinion)
Injury No. 16-085212
Employee:Brenda Comer f/k/a Brenda Colvin
Employer:Central Programs, Inc.
Insurer:Missouri Employers Mutual Insurance Company
Additional Party:Treasurer of Missouri as Custodian of Second Injury Fund
This workers’ compensation case is submitted to the Labor and Industrial Relations Commission (Commission) for review as provided by § 287.480 RSMo. Having read the briefs, reviewed the evidence, and considered the whole record, we find that the administrative law judge’s award allowing compensation is supported by competent and substantial evidence and was made in accordance with the Missouri Workers’ Compensation Law. Pursuant to § 286.090 RSMo, we affirm the award and decision of the administrative law judge (ALJ) with this supplemental opinion.
Discussion
The sole issue in this appeal involves the Second Injury Fund’s liability for the employee’s permanent total disability (PTD).
The ALJ correctly noted that § 287.220.3 as revised effective January 1, 2014, applied to the employee’s November 1, 2016, injury claim. This section provides, in pertinent part:
(2) . . .Claims for permanent total disability under section 287.200 against the second injury fund shall be compensable only when the following conditions are met:
(a) a. An employee has a medically documented preexisting disability equaling a minimum of fifty weeks of permanent partial disability compensation according to the medical standards that are used in determining such compensation which is:
(i)A direct result of active military duty in any branch of the United States Armed Forces; or
(ii)A direct result of a compensable injury as defined in section 287.020; or
(iii)Not a compensable injury, but such preexisting disability directly and significantly aggravates or accelerates the subsequent work-related injury and shall not include unrelated preexisting injuries or conditions that do not aggravate or accelerate the subsequent work-related injury; or
Employee:Brenda Comer f/k/a Brenda Colvin
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(iv)A preexisting permanent partial disability of an extremity, loss of eyesight in one eye, or loss of hearing in one ear, when there is a subsequent compensable work-related injury as set forth in subparagraph b of the opposite extremity, loss of eyesight in the other eye, or loss of hearing in the other ear; and
b.Such employee thereafter sustains a subsequent compensable work-related injury that, when combined with the preexisting disability, as set forth in items (i), (ii), (iii), or (iv) of subparagraph a. of this paragraph, results in a permanent total disability as defined under this chapter.
After considering the opinions of treating physician Dr. Alexander Bailey and medical expert Dr. Brent Koprivica, the ALJ found that employee’s primary, November 1, 2016, back injury, resulted in 25% permanent partial disability (PPD) based on the body as a whole.
The ALJ found that employee’s preexisting 25% PPD of the lower left extremity at the 207-week level constituted a qualified preexisting disability pursuant to subsection (2)(a)a(iv) of the above statute because it exceeded fifty weeks of disability and because employee’s primary injury involved disability to her opposite right lower extremity. The ALJ further found that employee’s preexisting thoracic disability, evaluated at 15% PPD to the body as a whole, exceeded fifty weeks and constituted a qualifying preexisting disability pursuant to subsection (2)(a)1(iii) because it directly and significantly aggravated and accelerated employee’s primary work injury, which had resulted in a new thoracic injury.
Citing Dubuc v. Treasurer of State, 579 S.W.3d 372 (Mo. App. 2020), the ALJ found the Second Injury Fund liable for permanent total disability (PTD) because these two qualifying preexisting disabilities combined with disability attributable to employee’s November 1, 2016, injury, to result in PTD.
The Second Injury Fund filed an application for review. The Second Injury Fund alleged the ALJ’s award was erroneous in that:

Nature and Extent of Disability Attributable to Primary Injury

The Second Injury Fund urges that employee's testimony regarding her physical limitations after the November 1, 2016, primary injury supports a finding that employee's PTD is attributable solely to her primary injury. No medical or vocational expert opined that Ms. Comer is PTD because of the November 2016 injury in isolation. We affirm the ALJ's factual finding, based on the expert medical opinions and other evidence in the record as discussed in his award, that employee sustained 25\% PPD BAW related to her November 1, 2016, primary low back injury.

Consideration of Multiple Qualifying Preexisting Disabilities to Determine Second Injury Fund Liability Pursuant to § 287.220.3(2)(a)

In Treasurer of the State As Custodian of the Second Injury Fund v. Parker, (622 S.W. 3d 178 (Mo. banc 2021) the Supreme Court of Missouri held, "[A]n employee satisfies [§ 287.220.3(2)(b)] by showing the primary injury resulted in PTD when combined with all preexisting disabilities that qualify under one of the four eligibility criteria listed in the first condition [§ 287.220.3(2)(a)]." Id. at 182. Because Parker clearly allows consideration of multiple qualified preexisting disabilities to meet the criteria set out in § 287.220.3(2)(a), its holding is dispositive of the Second Injury Fund's second point on appeal. The ALJ did not err in considering two qualifying preexisting disabilities in combination with disability from employee's primary injury to determine Second Injury Fund liability pursuant to $\S 287.220 .3(2)(a)$.

Qualification of Employee's Prior Left Hip Injury as a Preexisting Disability Pursuant to § 287.220.3(2)(a)a(iv)

The Second Injury Fund argues that employee's preexisting left hip injury of 25 % of the left lower extremity ( 51.75 weeks) is not a "qualified" preexisting disability pursuant to § 287.220.3.2(a)a(iv) because it was not the result of a work injury and did not constitute an injury to an opposite extremity. The Second Injury Fund argues that because employee's primary low back injury was rated at the body as a whole, a nonscheduled loss, an injury to employee's left hip does not constitute an "opposite extremity."

Based on his review of employee's medical records and her December 14, 2017, MRI, Dr. Koprivica's opined that disability flowing from employee's primary injury of November 1, 2016, resulted in radiculopathy involving her right lower extremity that manifested as a deficit to her opposite lower extremity. ${ }^{1}$ An evaluation of employee's total physical impairment resultant from the primary injury in the context of PPD to the body as a whole does not preclude this more specific finding.

Based on Dr. Koprivica's opinion, we find that employee's November 1, 2016, work related back injury included disability that involved her right lower extremity. We find that employee's right lower extremity meets the MERRIAM-WEBSTER DICTIONARY

[^0]

[^0]: ${ }^{1}$ Claimant's Exhibit 3, Transcript, 511.

Improve: Brenda Comer

f/k/a Brenda Colvin

definition of "opposite" as "being the other of a pair that are corresponding to complementary in position, function, or nature" consistent with the holding of Phelps vs. Missouri State Treasurer, at 15-16 (No. SD36998, June 25, 2021).

As noted by employer/insurer:

[Employee's] preexisting leg pain has combined with the current radicular symptoms to create a more significant disability than either considered in isolation. Further, Ms. Comer testified that the limp she has had since the 1987 injury has gotten worse and more painful since November 1, 2016. Her back and left hip hurt in conjunction with each other, which is why Dr. Koprivica opined her back pain is worse than it would have been if she did not have left hip pain and an altered gait. The hip shattered in the 1987 injury is directly adjacent to the lumbar spine where the 2016 work injury occurred. Thus, this is not an unrelated accident location but one that actively aggravates the subsequent work injury in numerous ways. ${ }^{2}$

The Second Injury Fund submitted no expert medical evidence that contradicted the opinions cited by and relied upon by the administrative law judge, including the medical opinion set out in Dr. Koprivica's November 13, 2019, addendum report.

Based on the above-described expert medical evidence in the record and the employee's credible testimony, we affirm the ALJ's finding that the employee's preexisting 25\% PPD of the lower left extremity at the 207 week-level constituted a qualified preexisting disability under $\S 287.220 .3 .2$. because: 1) it exceeded fifty weeks of disability; 2) employee's primary back injury involved disability to her opposite, right lower extremity; and 3) employee's preexisting left hip disability directly and significantly aggravated or accelerated her subsequent work-related back injury.

Conclusion

We affirm and adopt the award of the ALJ as supplemented herein.

We approve and affirm the ALJ's allowance of attorney's fee herein as being fair and reasonable.

The award and decision of Administrative Law Judge Ryan S. Asbridge is attached hereto and incorporated herein to the extent not inconsistent with this decision and award.

[^0]

[^0]: ${ }^{2}$ Employer and Insurer's Responsive Brief at 10, Brenda Comer f/k/a Brenda Colvin v. Central Programs, Inc., Missouri Employers Mutual Ins. Co. and Treasurer of the State of Missouri as Custodian of the Second Injury Fund, Inj. No. 16-085212, (LIRC appeal from Final Award of Administrative Law Judge Ryan S. Asbridge).

Imployee: Brenda Comer f/k/a Brenda Colvin

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Given at Jefferson City, State of Missouri, this ______ 11th ______ day of August 2021.

LABOR AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COMMISSION
Robert W. Cornejo, Chairman
Reid K. Forrester, Member
SEPARATE CONCURRING OPINION FILED
Shalonn K. Curls, Member
Attest:
Secretary

SEPARATE CONCURRING OPINION

I have reviewed and considered all of the competent and substantial evidence in the record. Based on my review of the evidence as well as my consideration of the relevant provisions of the Missouri Workers' Compensation Law, I concur in the majority's supplemental findings relating to the nature and extent of disability attributable to employee's primary injury and consideration of employee's prior left hip injury as a qualifying preexisting disability pursuant to $\S 287.220 .3(2)$ (a)a(iv).

With respect to the majority's discussion of consideration of multiple preexisting disabilities to determine Second Injury Fund liability under § 287.220.3(2)(a) in light of Treasurer of the State of Missouri as Custodian of the Second Injury Fund v. Jonathan Parker, (No. SC98704, Mo. Banc, April 20, 2021), I would affirm the administrative law judge's award as written.

Shalonn K. Curls

Shalonn K. Curls, Member

Issued by DIVISION OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION

Full decision text continues in the plain-text archive copy.

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